Growing evidence points to the existence of the components of the kallikrein-kinin-system
(KKS) in cardiac and vascular tissue forming systemic and local KKS pathways involving …

Kinins are synthesized from their precursors by different enzymes and participate in the
regulation of cardiovascular function through bradykinin (BK) B1 and B2 receptors. They …

Cardiovascular diseases are the prime cause of death in the world. The kallikrein–kinin
system has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the vascular smooth muscle and …

Kinins can affect many aspects of cellular function, but their roles in human homeostatic
mechanisms and disease are just beginning to be understood. In this brief review, some of …

Autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, and neuroendocrine hormonal systems help regulate
cardio‐vascular and renal function. Any change in the balance among these systems may …

The kallikrein–kinin system (KKS) is a system of vasoactive peptides, the kinins, involved in
different aspects of remodeling, inflammation and angiogenesis. Kinins mediate their actions …

All the components of the kallikrein‐kinin system are located in the cardiac muscle, and its
deficiency may lead to cardiac dysfunction. In recent years, numerous observations obtained …

This paper is divided into two sections: the first contains the essential elements of the
opening lecture presented by Pr. Regoli to the 2015 International Kinin Symposium in S …

The kallikrein-kinin system is an endogenous metabolic cascade, triggering of which results
in the release of vasoactive kinins (bradykinin-related peptides). This complex system …

Kinin is an important mediator of hyperalgesia, inflammatory conditions and asthma. It
causes pain, inflammation, increased vascular permeability and vasodilatation. Several …