Background: It has been proposed by Zamboni and colleagues that multiple sclerosis is
caused by chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency, a term used to describe ultrasound …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a syndrome characterized by
stenoses or obstructions of the internal jugular and/or azygos veins with disturbed flow and …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was recently described in multiple
sclerosis patients. CCSVI is characterized by impaired brain venous drainage due to outflow …

Aim. We previously reported unexpectedly robust associa-tions between vascular
haemodynamic (VH) anomalies in the principal extracranial cerebral veins, causing chronic …

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a vascular picture that shows a
strong association with multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to investigate the …

At a workshop in Bologna (Italy) in 2009, Professor Paolo Zamboni openly discussed
research that he had been pursuing for the previous few years regarding the role of venous …

Background The role of intra-and extra-cranial venous system impairment in the
pathogenesis of various vascular, inflammatory and neurodegenerative neurological …

Background: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) was proposed as the
causal trigger for developing multiple sclerosis (MS). However, current data are …

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by demyelination centered around
cerebral veins. Recent studies suggested this topographic pattern may be caused by venous …

Background Several studies have reported hypoperfusion of the brain parenchyma in
multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. We hypothesized a possible relationship between abnormal …