Chronic sub-lethal exposure to copper (Cu) causes a series of cellular and physiological
changes in fish that enable the animal to survive. Copper is also an endocrine disrupting …

In the present review, we synthesize information on the mechanisms of chronic copper (Cu)
toxicity using an adverse outcome pathway framework and identify three primary pathways …

Gulf toadfish were exposed to sublethal levels of copper (12.8 or 55.2 μM) for 30 days.
Drinking in control fish averaged 1mlkg− 1h− 1 but exposure to 55.2 μM copper resulted in a …

Copper (Cu) exists in a variety of forms in different aquatic environments, and affects their
bioavailability. In this study we provide a systematic review on toxicity of Cu which focuses …

The present study was carried out to examine the interactive effects of chronic waterborne
copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) on tissue-specific metal accumulation and reproduction in …

Homeostasis and Toxicology of Essential Metals synthesizes the explosion of new
information on the molecular, cellular, and organismal handling of metals in fish in the past …

In fish, environmental pollution is one factor that induces oxidative stress, and this can
disturb the natural antioxidant defense system. Oxidative stress has been well characterized …

Copper is an essential ion that forms part of the active sites of many proteins. At the same
time, an excess of this metal produces free radicals that are toxic for cells and organisms …

To date, most researchers have used dietborne metal concentrations rather than daily doses
to define metal exposure and this has resulted in contradictory data within and between fish …

Copper is an essential micronutrient and a key catalytic cofactor in a wide range of enzymes.
As a trace element, copper levels are tightly regulated and both its deficit and excess are …