As family therapists, we are accustomed to considering the multisystemic contexts of our
clients' lives. Although we have extended our gaze to the macro systems in which families …

This report coordinates assessments of five types of behavioral responses in new mothers to
their own infants' cries with neurobiological responses in new mothers to their own infants' …

While parenting is a universal human behavior, its neuroanatomic basis is currently
unknown. Animal data suggest that the cingulate may play an important function in …

Parent-child synchrony, the coupling of behavioral and biological signals during social
contact, may fine-tune the child's brain circuitries associated with emotional bond formation …

Together with genetic factors, early-life experience governs the expression and function of
stress-related genes throughout life. This, in turn, contributes to either resilience or …

Darwin originally pointed out that there is something about infants which prompts adults to
respond to and care for them, in order to increase individual fitness, ie reproductive success …

Parental responsiveness to infant vocalizations is an essential mechanism to ensure
parental care, and its importance is reflected in a specific neural substrate, the …

Abstract As highlighted by Eisenberg, Cumberland, and Spinrad (1998), parents play a
critical role in children's socioemotional development, in part, by shaping how children and …