Background High concentrations of plasma leptin and the release of pro-inflammatory
cytokines in leptin-resistance in obesity have been reported to trigger endothelial …

Background The adipocyte-derived hormone leptin influences the behaviour of a wide range
of cell types and is now recognised as a pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory factor. In the …

Background Obesity is associated with hyperleptinemia and endothelial dysfunction.
Hyperleptinemia has been reported to induce both oxidative stress and inflammation by …

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) express functional receptors to leptin, the
product of the ob gene. As human obesity is associated with atherosclerosis and …

Onion consumption has been reported to be associated with a lower incidence of
myocardial infarction and stroke. Quercetin found in onions may contribute to this effect. This …

Obesity has become a major risk factor for the development of chronic diseases such as
insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, obesity …

Scope Pro‐inflammatory stimuli such as hyperglycemia and cytokines have been shown to
negatively affect endothelial cell functions. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of …

Glucosamine is a possible cause of vascular endothelial injury in the initial stages of
atherosclerosis, through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulting in fatty streaks in the …

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) has a high incidence in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is
identified as a precursor to cardiovascular events. Recent studies suggest that leptin may be …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that have a unique and essential
function in innate immunity. The effect of quercetin on TLR-mediated downstream signaling …