Results Patients with Mesoamerican nephropathy and kidney failure were young agricultural
workers, almost exclusively men; the majority were from Mexico and El Salvador; and they …

INTRODUCTION: Mesoamerican nephropathy, also known as chronic kidney disease of
unknown etiology, is widespread in Pacific coastal Central America. The cause of the …

Background Epidemic levels of CKD of undetermined cause, termed Mesoamerican
nephropathy in Central America, have been found in low-and middle-income countries. We …

INTRODUCTION: In El Salvador, chronic kidney disease is a serious and growing public
health problem. Chronic renal failure was the first cause of hospital deaths in men and the …

Characterizing Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN), a devastating epidemic of chronic kidney
disease (CKD) of unknown cause in Central America, has not been a straightforward …

The First International Research Workshop on Mesoamerican Nephropathy (MeN) met in
Costa Rica in November 2012 to discuss how to establish the extent and degree of MeN …

The kidney is the target of numerous xenobiotic toxicants, including environmental
chemicals. Anatomical, physiological, and biochemical features of the kidney make it …

Background An endemic of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of unknown cause among rural
inhabitants in Central America has been identified. Young and otherwise healthy men …

Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy is a type of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin,
present in pockets of high prevalence along the Pacific Ocean coast of the Mesoamerican …

An epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology has emerged in Central
America and resulted in the highest rates of end-stage renal disease worldwide. New …