From bugs to drugs: therapeutic immunomodulation with oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG sequences from bacterial DNA

AM Krieg - Antisense and Nucleic Acid Drug Development, 2001 - liebertpub.com
Several types of immune cells possess pattern recognition receptors (PRR) that can
distinguish prokaryotic DNA from vertebrate DNA by detecting unmethylated CpG …

Enhancing vaccines with immune stimulatory CpG DNA.

AM Krieg, HL Davis - Current opinion in molecular therapeutics, 2001 - europepmc.org
Certain vertebrate immune cells have evolved receptors that detect the presence of
pathogen DNA based on its content of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in particular base …

Mechanisms and applications of immune stimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides

AM Krieg - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Gene Structure …, 1999 - Elsevier
Immune stimulation has been widely recognized as an undesirable side effect of certain
antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) which can interfere with their therapeutic …

Enhancing immunogenicity by CpG DNA.

W Jiang, DS Pisetsky - Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics, 2003 - europepmc.org
Bacterial DNA and oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG DNA)
can stimulate immune responses and have potential for use as novel agents to enhance …

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides as DNA adjuvants in vertebrates and their applications in immunotherapy

HC Chaung - International immunopharmacology, 2006 - Elsevier
The genomes of bacterial and viral DNA contain a much higher frequency of unmethylated
CpG dinucleotides than those of vertebrates. This difference in genome structure allows the …

Regulation of CpG‐induced immune activation by suppressive oligodeoxynucleotides

DM Klinman, R Zeuner, H Yamada… - Annals of the New …, 2003 - Wiley Online Library
Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated “CpG
motifs” stimulate an innate immune response characterized by the production of cytokines …

Direct immunologic activities of CpG DNA and implications for gene therapy

AM Krieg - The journal of gene medicine, 1999 - Wiley Online Library
Vertebrate immune systems have evolved the ability to detect and be activated by most
microbial and viral DNAs by virtue of their content of unmethylated 'CpG motifs', which are …

Treatment of infectious diseases with immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs

U Dittmer, ARM Olbrich - Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2003 - Elsevier
Bacterial DNA with CpG motifs can efficiently stimulate the vertebrate immune system. Thus,
synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides that contain such CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) are currently used …

Immunotherapeutic applications of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides.

DM Klinman, KJ Ishii, M Gursel, I Gursel… - Drug News & …, 2000 - europepmc.org
Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) expressing unmethylated CpG
motifs stimulate the mammalian immune system to mount a rapid innate immune response …

Immune effects and mechanisms of action of CpG motifs

AM Krieg - Vaccine, 2000 - Elsevier
Bacterial DNA differs from vertebrate DNA in having a much higher content of unmethylated
CpG dinucleotides, in particular, base contexts that are termed 'CpG motifs'. The vertebrate …