OBJECTIVE: To review published clinical information on the systemic adverse effects of
ophthalmic β-blockers for the purpose of developing a pilot contraindication/warning system …

B antagonists eye drops are most effective for the treatment of chronic open angle
glaucoma. By this way of administration they have a very good systemic bioavailability …

The propensity of systemic beta-adrenergic blockers to cause bronchoconstriction in
patients with reactive airway disease is well recognized. A study was carried out to …

We evaluated the use of topically administered betaxolol, a cardioselective beta-adrenergic
blocking agent, in 11 patients (eight women and three men, 40 to 81 years old) who had …

Purpose To estimate the frequency of co‐prescribing of medications used to treat obstructive
lung disease, congestive heart failure, and depression among US armed service veterans …

The introduction of topical timolol maleate in 1978 revolutionized the medical treatment of
glaucoma. 26 Timolol, as with all the topical beta-receptor antagonists, reduces intraocular …

PURPOSE: To determine the impact of coadminstration of systemic β-blockers on the ocular
hypotensive efficacy and safety of topical timolol, a nonselective β-blocker, and that of …

At the time of their introduction, nearly 10 years ago, ophthalmic beta blockers offered an
alternative to other topical agents such as pilocarpine or epinephrine in the treatment of …

Glaucoma is described, and the chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical
efficacy, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of betaxolol and levobunolol in …