The formalin test was introduced as a model of tonic pain in 1977, and has since been used
extensively in rats and mice. In rats, formalin generates an initial phase of activity (5–10 min …

The formalin test is a well‐established model for assessing nociceptive processes and
analgesic drug effects. Previous studies have provided statistical validation of optimal …

The formalin test was originally developed by Dubuisson and Dennis (1977), and has since
been extensively used to assess pain-related responses. Rats and mice are the most …

The effect of different formalin concentrations on the nociceptive response in the formalin
test was examined in mice. Subcutaneous formalin injection induces 2 distinct periods of …

The formalin tonic pain test has recently been adapted for use in mice. We have observed
two problems with this procedure. First, compared to a vehicle control group, the majority of …

Injection of a dilute solution of formalin into a rat hindpaw produces a biphasic nociceptive
response consisting of an early phase during the first 5 min after formalin injection and a …

The formalin test in mice is a valid and reliable model of nociception and is sensitive for
various classes of analgesic drugs. The noxious stimulus is an injection of dilute formalin …

Subcutaneous injection of dilute formalin induces pain in humans and behaviors indicative
of pain in animals. The formalin test, which is based on these observations, is now widely …

A modified formalin test in mice was investigated. The pain response curve induced by 0.5%
formalin was biphasic, having 2 peaks, from 0 to 5 min (first phase) and from 15 to 20 min …

We investigated the behavioral response of rat pups to intraplantar injection of varying
formalin concentrations using a time-sampling method. At 3 days of age, the response was …