The regulation of iron metabolism in biological systems centers on providing adequate iron
for cellular function while limiting iron toxicity. Because mammals cannot excrete iron …

The iron hormone hepcidin and its receptor and cellular iron exporter ferroportin control the
major fluxes of iron into blood plasma: intestinal iron absorption, the delivery of recycled iron …

Both cellular iron deficiency and excess have adverse consequences. To maintain iron
homeostasis, complex mechanisms have evolved to regulate cellular and extracellular iron …

Iron metabolism in man is a highly regulated process designed to provide iron for
erythropoiesis, mitochondrial energy production, electron transport, and cell proliferation …

Systemic iron homeostasis depends on the regulated expression of hepcidin, a peptide
hormone that negatively regulates iron egress from intestinal cells and macrophages by …

Humans possess elegant control mechanisms to maintain iron homeostasis by coordinately
regulating iron absorption, iron recycling, and mobilization of stored iron. Dietary iron …

Iron is vital for almost all organisms because of its ability to donate and accept electrons with
relative ease. It serves as a cofactor for many proteins and enzymes necessary for oxygen …

Iron, an essential nutrient, is required for many diverse biological processes. The absence of
a defined pathway to excrete excess iron makes it essential for the body to regulate the …

Under evolutionary pressure to counter the toxicity of iron and to maintain adequate iron
supply for hemoglobin synthesis and essential metabolic functions, humans and other …

Iron is an essential nutrient, but its concentration and distribution in the body must be tightly
controlled due to its inherent toxicity and insolubility in aqueous solution. Living systems …