Duodenal infusions of macronutrients inhibit sham and normal feeding. Neural substrates of
this response were studied by infusing glucose, linoleic acid, an amino acid mixture, saline …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The gut-brain axis, which transmits nutrient information from the
gastrointestinal tract to the brain, is important for the detection of dietary nutrients. We used …

Feedback signals arising from the oral cavity and upper gastrointestinal tract contribute to
the control of meal size. To assess how these signals are integrated at central sites involved …

Our objective was to study the relationship between the satiety induced by high-protein
meals and the activation of brain areas involved in the onset of satiety. In rats, we used …

Volume and chemical characteristics of meals in the gut have been proposed to generate
vagal afferent signals that mediate the negative feedback control of ingestion and gastric …

Expression of the proto-oncogene protein c-Fos was evaluated immunocytochemically in
individual brain cells as a marker of treatment-related neuronal activation following …

Many gastrointestinal meal-related signals are transmitted to the central nervous system via
the vagus nerve and thereby control changes in meal size. The c-Fos-positive neuron has …

Meals are the functional units of food intake in humans and mammals, and physiologic
approaches to understanding the controls of meal size have demonstrated that the presence …

Background Intestinal nutrient sensing regulates food intake and energy metabolism by
acting locally and relaying nutritional status to the brain. It is unclear whether these …

The distribution and chemical phenotypes of hindbrain neurons that are activated in rats
after food ingestion were examined. Rats were anesthetized and perfused with fixative 30 …