The relationships among working memory, math anxiety, and performance.

MH Ashcraft, EP Kirk - Journal of experimental psychology …, 2001 - psycnet.apa.org
Individuals with high math anxiety demonstrated smaller working memory spans, especially
when assessed with a computation-based span task. This reduced working memory …

On the cognitive structure of basic arithmetic skills: Operation, order, and symbol transfer effects.

TC Rickard, AF Healy, LE Bourne - Journal of Experimental …, 1994 - psycnet.apa.org
In 2 experiments, college Ss–practiced extensively on single-digit multiplication and division
problems (eg, ___= 6× 9; 42= ___× 6) and were tested on both practice problems and …

Telling stories: the perils and promise of using verbal reports to study math strategies.

EP Kirk, MH Ashcraft - Journal of Experimental Psychology …, 2001 - psycnet.apa.org
The problem size effect in adult arithmetic performance is generally attributed to direct
retrieval processes operating on a network representation in long-term memory. J. LeFevre …

Fast automated counting procedures in addition problem solving: When are they used and why are they mistaken for retrieval?

K Uittenhove, C Thevenot, P Barrouillet - Cognition, 2016 - Elsevier
Contrary to a widespread assumption, a recent study suggested that adults do not solve very
small additions by directly retrieving their answer from memory, but rely instead on highly …

Cognitive arithmetic: comparison of operations.

K Miller, M Perlmutter, D Keating - Journal of Experimental …, 1984 - psycnet.apa.org
Examined 6 graduate students' performance of simple arithmetic calculations to test
predictions of digital (counting), analog, and network models. Pairs of single-digit integers …

On the relation between production and verification tasks in the psychology of simple arithmetic.

NJ Zbrodoff, GD Logan - Journal of Experimental Psychology …, 1990 - psycnet.apa.org
Most theories of arithmetic assume that verification tasks are performed by producing an
answer and comparing it with the presented answer. Verification is production plus …

Cognitive arithmetic: Evidence for obligatory activation of arithmetic facts

JA Lefevre, J Bisanz, L Mrkonjic - Memory & Cognition, 1988 - Springer
In two experiments, obligatory activation of arithmetic facts resulted in interference on a
simple number-matching task. Subjects were required to verify the presence of a probe …

A procedural explanation of the generation effect: The use of an operand retrieval strategy for multiplication and addition problems

DS McNamara, AF Healy - Journal of Memory and Language, 1995 - Elsevier
Three experiments investigated the generation effect for the recall of the answers to
arithmetic problems. in Experiment 1, a generation effect was found for subjects given …

Effects of adult age on structural and operational capacities in working memory.

TA Salthouse, RL Babcock, RJ Shaw - Psychology and aging, 1991 - psycnet.apa.org
Eight experiments were conducted in which young adults and older adults were asked to
report the latest value of 1 of several continuously changing numeric or spatial variables …

The contribution of working memory resources in the verification of simple mental arithmetic sums

S De Rammelaere, E Stuyven… - Psychological …, 1999 - Springer
The present study replicated the investigations of Lemaire, Abdi, and Fayol with some
modifications: the random time interval generation (RIG) task was used and the stimuli were …