Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathways are implicated in metazoan development,
adult homeostasis and disease. TGFβ ligands signal via receptor serine/threonine kinases …

Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family are highly conserved
multifunctional cell–cell signaling proteins that are of key importance for controlling …

Ligands of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) superfamily of growth factors initiate
signal transduction through a bewildering complexity of ligand–receptor interactions …

Smad transcription factors lie at the core of one of the most versatile cytokine signaling
pathways in metazoan biology—the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) pathway. Recent …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) represents an evolutionarily conserved family of
secreted polypeptide factors that regulate many aspects of physiological embryogenesis …

The transforming growth factor (TGF) beta superfamily of secreted factors is comprised of
over 30 members including Activins, Nodals, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), and …

Transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) superfamily members regulate a plethora of
developmental processes, and disruption of their activity has been implicated in a variety of …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family proteins control cell physiology, proliferation, and
growth, and direct cell differentiation, thus playing key roles in normal development and …

TGF-β family signaling through Smads is conceptually a simple and linear signaling
pathway, driven by sequential phosphorylation, with type II receptors activating type I …

The discovery of SMAD proteins has allowed the delineation of a mechanism by which TGF-
β and related growth factors convey their signals from membrane receptors all the way into …