Acoustic exposure from modern ultrasonographic devices is capable of disturbing biological
tissue to varying extent depending on the type of ultrasound examination and the particular …

Making waves: current controversies in obstetric ultrasound Page 1 Midwifery (1987) 3, 25-38
© Crown Copyright I987 CLINICAL REVIEW Making waves: current controversies in obstetric …

Early ultrasound can locate and date pregnancy, count the fetuses and allow selective
termination for abnormality, but the benefits of routine thirdtrimester scanning are less clear …

Ultrasound bioeffect is discussed from its physical property, ie thermal effect by thermal
index, mechanical effect by mechanical index, and by the output intensity of ultrasound …

Ultrasound is the most important diagnostic modality in modern obstetrics. Theoretically, it
may induce adverse effects in fetuses by either thermal or non-thermal effects. Hyperthermia …

This article is framed around a series of questions posed to an audience at the BMUS
Annual Scientific Meeting, Harrogate, in December 2007. The audience answers are …

Processes that can produce a biological effect with some degree of heating (ie, about 1° C
above the physiologic temperature) act via a thermal mechanism. Investigations with …

A brief review of the medical literature indicates areas of concern related to the safety of
obstetric ultrasound usage. Questions raised in the medical literature dictate the need for …

The data available to data suggest that diagnostic US has no adverse effect on
embryogenesis or fetal growth. However, although B and M mode are safe during the first …