Objectives Gallstone disease (cholelithiasis) has a familial component, but detailed data on
the modification of familial risk are lacking. Using nationwide hospital and population …

We conducted a Mendelian randomization study to determine the potential causal
associations of gallstone disease, diabetes, serum calcium, triglyceride levels, smoking and …

AIM: To determine the effects of genetic variants associated with gallstone formation and
capsaicin (a pungent component of chili pepper) metabolism on the risk of gallbladder …

Cholesterol gallstones are prevalent and costly, chiefly among developed countries. In
addition to numerous environmental risk factors, a complex genetic basis determines the risk …

Geographic and ethnic differences in gallstone prevalence rates and familial clustering of
cholelithiasis imply that genetic factors influence the risk of gallstone formation. Recently …

Cholestatic liver diseases are caused by a range of hepatobiliary insults and involve
complex interactions among environmental and genetic factors. Little is known about the …

Background Gallstone disease is a frequent and economically highly relevant disorder, with
cholecystectomy representing one of the most frequently performed operations world-wide …

The presence of gallstone disease (GSD) was reported to be positively associated with
diabetes risk. Whether the association is causal remains unclear. We aim to examine the …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Drugs which reduce plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-C) may protect against gallstone disease. Whether plasma levels of LDL-C per se …

Epidemiologic and family studies indicate that cholesterol gallstone formation is in part
genetically determined. The major contribution to our current understanding of gallstone …