Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), is a hormone secreted by small intestine. Consumption of
food or glucose stimulates synthesis and secretion of GLP-1 in the bloodstream, which in …

Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a peptide hormone of the incretin
family. It has growth factor properties and can re-activate energy utilization. In progressive …

Abstract GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), one of the class-B G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR),
is a budding molecular target to design drugs for treating type 2 diabetes. In this review …

β-cell dysfunction is an early pathophysiological defect in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Conventional secretagogues, although effective in increasing insulin secretion, may be …

Abstract Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) is a potent insulinotropic incretin hormone with
both pancreatic and extrapancreatic effects. Studies of GLP‐1 reveal significant effects in …

Background Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), most likely linked
to an impairment of insulin signalling in the brain. Therefore, drugs that enhance insulin …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex, progressive disease affecting an estimated
257 million people worldwide. A number of unmet needs exist with traditional T2DM …

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7–36)-amide (GLP-1) is an endogenous peptide that is
secreted from the gut in response to the presence of food. Recent studies have established …

The incretin system is an area of great interest for the development of new therapies for the
management of type 2 diabetes. Existing antidiabetic drugs are often insufficient at getting …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most frequent
neurodegenerative disorders. Despite their pathophysiological and clinical differences, they …