It is easy to argue that vaccine development represents humankind's most important and
successful endeavour, such is the impact that vaccination has had on human morbidity and …

The ideal vaccine is a simple and stable formulation which can be conveniently
administered and provides life-long immunity against a given pathogen. The development of …

Although the currently available vaccines represent an outstanding success story in modern
medicine and have had a dramatic effect on morbidity and mortality worldwide, it is clear that …

Vaccines are the preparations given to patients to evoke immune responses leading to the
production of antibodies (humoral) or cell-mediated responses that will combat infectious …

Technologies for making active vaccines fall into 3 general groups: live, subunit (killed or
inactivated) and genetic. Each of these groups is further divisible into multiple categories …

Vaccination is a key component of public health policy with demonstrated cost-effective
benefits in protecting both human and animal populations. Vaccines can be manufactured …

Vaccine development, which began with Edward Jenner's observations in the late 18th
century, has entered its 4th century. From its beginnings, with the use of whole organisms …

In the 21st century, an array of microbiological and molecular allow antigens for new
vaccines to be specifically identified, designed, produced and delivered with the aim of …

The conventional, currently available vaccines, though quite successful, suffer from a few
shortcomings which hamper future vaccine development. We present herewith some of the …

The exceptional discoveries of antigen/gene delivery systems have allowed the
development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine candidates. This review …