Functional dysphonia (FD) is a voice disorder in the absence of structural or neurologic
laryngeal pathology. FD is not a single disease but a disease entity. Therefore several voice …

Abstract Background and Objectives: Functional dysphonia is a voice disturbance in the
absence of structural or neurologic laryngeal pathology characterized by voluntary misuse of …

Objectives: In this retrospective study, voice therapy results of adult patients with
hyperfunctional voice disorders were discussed. Patients and Methods: Ninety-one adult …

Voice is a physical phenomenon, generated by vocal fold and expiratory airflow. Dysphonia
should come from abnormal vocal fold and airflow. Occassionally larynx looks normal in …

Voice disorder is classified into three categories, structural, neurogenic and functional
dysphonia. Neurogenic dysphonia refers to a disruption in the nerves controlling the larynx …

Background and Objectives: Patients with so-called'functional voice disorders' who have
structurally normal larynges and demonstrate muscle misuse in the larynx, and those with …

Results Fifteen patients with mutational falsetto (93%), eight patients with vocal nodules
(47%), and all the patients with muscle-tension dysphonia were cured by voice therapy …

Objective Functional dysphonia refers to a voice disorder without organic laryngeal disease.
In this article, the clinical features and therapeutic strategies of functional dysphonia in …

Functional dysphonia is a voice impairment without any organic lesion of the phonating
system. It may be classified into two categories: functional dysphonia itself where no lesions …

Functional dysphonia—a voice disturbance in the absence of structural or neurologic
laryngeal pathology—is an enigmatic and controversial voice disorder that is frequently …