… the coronaviruses that caused SARS and MERS to the novel SARS-CoV-2 in relation to their
… also focuses on various treatment strategies that could be employed for curing COVID-19. …

… eradication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears … on the immune response and
immunopathological changes … , and serum biochemistry in COVID-19. Similar to many other …

… The adaptive immune response is a major determinant of the clinical outcome after SARS-CoV-2
infection and underpins vaccine efficacy. T cell responses develop early and correlate …

… The inclusion criteria were publications of all types addressing SARS-CoV-2 immune
responses and COVID-19 immunopathology written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. The …

… immune system in some patients. Interestingly, both lymphopenia and hyperactivation of the
immune responses are reported in COVID-19 … to know about COVID-19 immunity, and thus …

… COVID-19. Our results demonstrate distinct tissue compartmentalization of SARS-CoV-2
immune responses … local and systemic immunity that determines COVID-19 clinical outcomes. …

… variants able to escape vaccine-induced immunity could … that a SARS-CoV-2 mutant will
escape vaccine immunity and … or inhibit the immune response, study of a virus with engineered …

… Two other coronaviruses, SARS and MERS, have crossed … immune response to epidemic
SARS CoV and MERS CoV and … reviewed, studies into SARS-CoV-2 serology and reinfection …

… -dose mRNA vaccination provides excellent protection against SARS-CoV-2, there is little …
we analysed immune responses following vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine 2 in …

… At the beginning of an immune response to SARS-CoV-2, the exposure of human cells to
the virus is the first step on the path (Figure 1). The initial encounter occurs in the upper …