… identify low-level nucleotide … sequences, we analyzed the concordance of detection of
ambiguous nucleotides, amino acid changes, and drug resistance mutations between sequences …

… gyrA and gyrB confer resistance to fluoroquinolones, albeit not at the same level, with
MOX … , in contract with the higher levels of resistance observed for OFX and ciprofloxacin [50]. …

… by molecular sequencing assays of drug resistance-… and gyrB (n = 33), and by Sanger
sequencing of pncA (n = 40), rrs (n = … We found high levels of concordance for the detection of high…

… as sequences that contained both wild type and mutant bases at the specified drug resistant
sites in a single sequence. In … and for detecting specific low level drug resistance mutations. …

… , and 396 caused changes at the protein sequence level. As expected, there was evidence
… Coding-sequence mutations occurred in just 368 genes—263 had at least one protein-level …

… Geographic and temporal trends in the molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms
of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance: an individual-patient- and sequence-level meta-analysis. …

… based on population-based sequencing data when multiple viral strains are visible in the
input sequence [21]. The aligned nucleotide sequence is translated to the amino acid level with …

… This mutation was reproducibly detected at similar levels in two independent sequencing
experiments where different DNA dilutions were used for long-range PCR (10.5% at a 1:2,000 …

… When considering also minor viral populations (at the personal cutoff of 2%) we find
highly increased levels of resistance to ABC, ddI and 3TC, drugs from the class of nucleoside …

… drug resistance phenotypes should be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate
molecular markers in predicting drug resistance in … a high level resistance to isoniazid with a …