Elemental or metallic silver (Ag) is a very malleable and ductile transition metal that is white metallic luster appearance. Nanoparticles are fine particles that have size nano-meter in range, that have dimension less than 100 nm (1nm-100nm). As their nano sized they have special physiochemical properties. Silver nano-particles (AgNPs) are one of most widely used nano-material that are used in personal care products, dressings as treatments for external wounds, ointments, and surgical instruments because of their effective antibacterial activity. AgNPs have broad spectrum antibacterial action that acts on both gram-negative and grampositive bacteria both, including antibiotic-resistant strains. AgNPs (diameter 5-20 nm, average diameter~ 10 nm) also exhibit the antiviral property against HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, respiratory syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus type 1, and monkey pox virus. AgNPs as well as nano silver-derived solution and their product have showed the potent anti-inflammatory properties. As the consumption of nano-silver products are increasing, the chances of adverse effect on human health and environment are increasing. Generally AgNPs are less toxic than silver ion, but here are several in vitro in vivo studies shown that on exposure of AgNPs leads to cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity and genotoxicity to vertebrates. AgNPs causes blood diseases and colon cancer when it has been found in the blood and colon of patients respectively. kim et al 2008. Reported than 28 oral exposures of AgNPs at 30 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg in sprague dawley rats show dose dependent distribution of AgNPs in various organs and gender specific two fold more accumulation in female kidneys in comparison to male kidney. Usually the in vivo studies, in vitro studies with AgNPs showed that shown genotoxic effects, induction of DNA strand breaks, micronuclei, and chromosomal aberrations–at low non-cytotoxic doses in different types of human and mammalian cells.