… The aim of this review is to describe the current state of the art in our understanding of
bone healing and bone regeneration. Bone fracture healing and healing problems …

… bone without inciting an immunologic … bone regeneration. A technique was developed for
selectively retaining MSC from large bone marrow aspirates at surgery for bone regeneration. …

… bone healing at the fracture site. Briefly, this review will describe bone structure and the
osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. In addition, the role of mesenchymal stem cells for bone …

… and progenitor cells that are genetically and phenotypically distinct [9–11]. In this review, …
stem and progenitor cells in bone regeneration, focusing on the material composition of bone, …

… cells, their use in clinical trials, the challenges facing their widespread implementation and
current approaches to bone regeneration that are based on stromal and stem cells. … and stem-…

… cell based technique of this study offers over other bone regeneration strategies is the direct
delivery of the cellular machinery required for bone formation. This approach would have an …

… Blood vessels and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited to the injury site and
proliferate. This is followed by a phase that is unique to bone regeneration. MSCs differentiate to …

… during the regeneration process. Many studies have investigated the cellular characteristics
and … promotes bone regeneration when stem cells are transplanted into the fracture site. …

… bone regeneration with biological agents including osteogenic growth factors and mesenchymal
stem cells … the mechanisms of their actions in regenerating of bone in vivo. In respect to …

… but not the disadvantages of embryonic stem cells (ESCs): MSC … with MSCs in promoting
bone regeneration in animal models, … MSCs stimulate and mediate bone regeneration in vivo is …