Phenotypic Switching of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii

N Jain, BC Fries - Mycopathologia, 2008 - Springer
… the selection of switch variants. This review highlights the similarity and differences between
phenotypic switching in C. neoformans and C. gattii, the two dominant species that cause …

Phenotypic switching and its implications for the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans

N Jain, A Guerrero, BC Fries - FEMS yeast research, 2006 - academic.oup.com
… In addition, the phenotypic switch variants elicit qualitatively … switch variants in animal models
of chronic cryptococcosis. … Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans has thus far …

Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans

A Guerrero, N Jain, DL Goldman, BC Fries - Microbiology, 2006 - microbiologyresearch.org
Cryptococcus neoformans represents an ideal model to examine the effects of phenotypic
switching on … Phenotypic switch variants of Cryptococcus neoformans differ in gene expression …

Effects of Antifungal Interventions on the Outcome of Experimental Infections with Phenotypic Switch Variants of Cryptococcus neoformans

BC Fries, E Cook, X Wang… - Antimicrobial agents and …, 2005 - Am Soc Microbiol
… may also differ for switch variants and that MAb treatment can promote selection of the MC
switch variant in the setting of a switching strain. As phenotypic switching is known to change …

[HTML][HTML] Phenotypic switching in Cryptococcus neoformans

BC Fries, DL Goldman, A Casadevall - Microbes and infection, 2002 - Elsevier
Cryptococcus neoformans strains exhibit considerable phenotype … can be the result of
phenotypic switching. Phenotypic … One report suggests that hyphal switched variants may have a …

Phenotypic switching of Cryptococcus neoformans occurs in vivo and influences the outcome of infection

BC Fries, CP Taborda, E Serfass… - The Journal of clinical …, 2001 - Am Soc Clin Investig
neoformans undergoes phenotypic switching in vivo and whether this … of variants that
had already switched during in vitro propagation, we demonstrated that in vivo switching to a …

Phenotypic switching of Cryptococcus neoformans can influence the outcome of the human immune response

D Pietrella, B Fries, P Lupo, F Bistoni… - Cellular …, 2003 - Wiley Online Library
… We studied the effect of switch variants and their GXMs on protein expression of interleukin
(IL)-4, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ (Table 1). IFN-γ induction was more pronounced in …

Cryptococcus neoformans Variants Generated by Phenotypic Switching Differ in Virulence through Effects on Macrophage Activation

A Guerrero, N Jain, X Wang, BC Fries - Infection and immunity, 2010 - Am Soc Microbiol
variants (SM) and mucoid-colony variants (MC) arising from phenotypic switching of Cryptococcus
neoformans. … Cryptococcosis is an infection that occurs commonly in AIDS patients, as …

Phenotypic Switching in Cryptococcus neoformansResults in Changes in Cellular Morphology and Glucuronoxylomannan Structure

BC Fries, DL Goldman, R Cherniak, R Ju… - Infection and …, 1999 - Am Soc Microbiol
Cryptococcus neoformans strains exhibit variability in their capsular polysaccharide, cell …
phenotypic switching results in new variants, which are characterized by altered virulence. …

Phenotypic Switching in Cryptococcus neoformans Contributes to Virulence by Changing the Immunological Host Response

A Guerrero, BC Fries - Infection and immunity, 2008 - Am Soc Microbiol
… We hypothesized that phenotypic switch variants may be differently affected by IL-10
deficiency, as they elicit strikingly different inflammatory responses. Hence, the objective of this …