… loops that effect ASM phenotype and function. In this … TGF-β signaling, including MAPK,
PI3K, WNT/β-catenin, and Ca 2+ , are discussed, focusing on their effect on ASM phenotype and …

… muscle phenotype. This review illustrates how this complex network integrates crosstalk among
members of the TGFβ … Transforming growth factor β inhibits bone morphogenetic protein-…

… Further molecular analyses revealed that an increase in TGF-β signaling was indeed
responsible for the abnormal muscle phenotype and the impaired ability to regenerate muscle in …

… and muscle atrophy. Here, we report that administration of the HDAC6 selective inhibitor
tubastatin A to the Duchenne muscular dystrophy, mdx mouse model increases muscle … muscle …

… All analyses were conducted in 8-week-old animals, since this time frame corresponds to
an early point in the pathologic process but one at which the muscle phenotype is evident. …

… Considering the possibility that persistent, rather than transient, suppression of Smad2/3-activating
ligands was required to improve the dystrophic phenotype in these animals, we …

… muscle phenotype in γ-sarcoglycan–deficient (Sgcg-deficient) mice, a model of limb girdle
muscular … Remarkably, it was shown that the variation modifying both phenotypes localized to …

… vascular cell phenotypes, fibrosis and ECM remodelling. Here we present an overview of TGFβ
… SMC behaviour and phenotype in cardiovascular diseases driven by intimal hyperplasia. …

… in TGF-β1 production (11). This study seeks to elucidate the interplay of macrophages and
TGF-β1 in the response to muscle … (IR)–induced muscle fibrosis through more rapid muscle …

… TGF-β and activin A between significantly involved genes in these pathways, we show the
inverse ranking both for TGF-β … expressed in activin A compared to TGF-β treated SMCs at 8 h …