… (A) Negative regulation can occur through a negative feedback mechanism. (B) A gradient
of morphogens is produced by negative regulation … pathways may regulate TGF-β signaling. …

… Negative regulators of TGF-β signaling like I-Smads and SnoN are direct target genes of
TGF-β and participate in negative feedback loops. Whereas negative regulation of TGF-β family …

… to as the TGF‐β inhibitory element (TIE). … TGF‐β. This protein complex contains the
protooncogene c‐fos, and induction of c‐fos by TGF‐β is required for the repressive effects of TGF‐β …

… negative impacts of AMPK on TGF-β function. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the
differences in the biological functions of TGF-β … where TGF-β and AMPK exert opposite effects. …

… It is unclear in what circumstances Smad7, as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling,
recruits deubiquitinating enzymes to stabilize TβRI. Additionally, USP4 targets TβRI for …

… On the basis of these results, we propose a model of regulation of TGF-β signaling by
SnoN. In the absence of TGF-β, SnoN binds to the nuclear Smad4 and represses TGF-β–…

… mucosal cells (a), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signalling negatively regulates
NF-κB activation by stimulating the induction of the negative regulator IkBα. By contrast, in …

… kinase activity, activation of TβRI and TGF‐β‐induced growth inhibition. In contrast, …
regulated intricately and affects TGF‐β receptor signal transduction both positively and negatively…

… mRNA is negatively regulated by TGF-β1 in ovarian and breast cancer cells. This regulation
is … , of which the proximal promoter confers the negative regulation by TGF-β1. These results …

… The inhibition of cyclin E-Cdk2 by TGF-P established here is the first example of a mammalian
G1 kinase being negatively regulated by a physiological agent. In vitro TGF-,3 inhibitory …