… muscle force pulled the trunk forward so that the increase in muscle force with increasing
externally applied forward force … flexion but not on muscle activation, shear forces, compression …

… Subject to similar comparisons under other loading conditions involving isometric and
dynamic symmetric/asymmetric lifting tasks with large forward flexion, future efforts should aim to …

… from ten trunk muscles so that a vector force contribution can be determined for each muscle.
… The model used in this study employed the muscle insertion data described in Granata and …

… the trunk redundancy to determine muscle forces, spinal loads, and stability margin in isometric
forward flexion … The objectives of this study were to determine trunk muscle forces, spinal …

… was to describe forward and lateral trunk flexion strength … trunk muscles in this study, are
important because of their implications for function. In patients with stroke, trunk muscle strength …

… During all dynamic exertions, participants extended their trunks from a forward flexion
posture of 35 degrees to 0 degrees (upright standing), at a constant velocity of 15 degrees per …

… an accurate estimation of trunk muscle forces, spinal loads and … trunk muscle geometries.
The lines of action of erector spinae … flexion increased muscle forces and compression forces at …

… In conclusion, the lumbo-pelvic rhythm during forward flexion has important effects on muscle
forces and disc loads, as well as on load-sharing. However, less influence on the IDP and …

… This review investigated the impact of trunk dynamics on trunk strength and structural loading
… No studies evaluated the imposed trunk moments for flexion and lateral flexion. The only …

… ES activity with trunk flexion. In flexed postures, the muscle force necessary to satisfy … of
the ES from the two models were identical in forward flexed positions with a mean level of 42%. …