Three types of vascular dysfunction have been described in multiple sclerosis (MS). First,
findings from epidemiological studies suggest that patients with MS have a higher risk for …

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, and
neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Over the last two decades, more favorable …

… in their Review in this issue of The Lancet Neurology, three forms of vascular abnormalities
… three vascular aspects of MS needs further investigation. Additionally, although such aspects …

… the correlation between Multiple Sclerosis and vascular dysfunction, cardiovascular risk …
“multiple sclerosis” and endothelial dysfunction or vascular dysregulation or vascular hypothesis …

… the perivenular localization of the demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been observed.
It has … abnormal venous circulation in some multiple sclerosis patients using non-invasive …

… Three comprehensive recent reviews cover the history of the vascular aspects of MS (3–5).
These reviews show that there has been evidence dating back to the works of Cruveilhier, …

… To review the literature on vascular aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS) specifically pathological
observations of the perivenular distribution of MS lesions and venous pathology in MS. …

… First, we show that multiple sclerosis has vascular changes … , even in the absence of vascular
comorbidity. Second, we … vascular disease and cSVD that differs in multiple sclerosis cases …

… of these vascular alterations in a population suffering from multiple sclerosis, divided …
Furthermore, we compared the echo-color Doppler results to the types of multiple sclerosis …

… aspect of chronic, non-evolutive multiple sclerosis, corresponding to a clinical picture of benign
multiple sclerosis. The … revealed chronic multiple sclerosis lesions next to vascular ones. …