… pregnant women (Pivarnik et al. 1993). In the present pilot study of 11 physically active pregnant
women… one third of the women in our study had a weight gain lower than recommended …

… BACKGROUND In women with obesity, excess gestational weight gain (… weight gain in
women with obesity.METHODS This was a prospective, observational study of pregnant women …

… Overweight or obese was defined as pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/… pregnant women, we
defined excessive GWG as weight gain greater than the upper limits of BMI-specific weight gain …

… by excessive weight gain in pregnancy are significant risk … , limited weight gain in overweight
or obese pregnant women … of weight loss and exercise interventions in pregnancy are not …

… There may be biological effects on the fetus of restricting gestational weight gain in obese
pregnant women beyond that of birth weight. Animal studies in which antenatal diet has been …

… weight gain and energy intake calculator 13 validated by doubly-labeled water studies in
pregnant women, the energy requirement to maintain weight in … average preconception weight, …

… were concerned about the effects of insufficient pregnancy weight gain on the infant but
were unaware of the infant risks of excessive gain (Groth and Kearney, 2009). Knowledge of …

… weight and weight gain, we needed to exclude further subjects based on the following criteria:
women … number of fetuses and women with incomplete weight gain information. After this …

… we reviewed randomized trials specifically among obese and overweight pregnant women.
… targeting excessive weight gain in obese and overweight women during pregnancy remain a …

… women did not recall getting specific advice on GWG at the start of pregnancy, all women
reported that their weight gain was … However, women received little, if any, feedback regarding …