Risk posed by the antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 to the seagrass, Zostera marina

A Scarlett, P Donkin, TW Fileman, SV Evans… - Aquatic toxicology, 1999 - Elsevier
… of antifouling paints. Estuarine plants, such as the marine angiosperm Zostera marina L. (…
Bioconcentration of Irgarol 1051 within Zostera tissue was determined in field plants and …

An antifouling model from the sea: a review of 25 years of zosteric acid studies

C Vilas-Boas, E Sousa, M Pinto, M Correia-da-Silva - Biofouling, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
… ZA is a sulfated phenolic acid produced by the seagrass Zostera marina that has very
promising AF potential against several micro- and macrofouling organisms. ZA was shown to have …

The interactive effects of the antifouling herbicides Irgarol 1051 and Diuron on the seagrass Zostera marina (L.)

JC Chesworth, ME Donkin, MT Brown - Aquatic toxicology, 2004 - Elsevier
… Since the ban on using tributyltin (TBT) as an antifouling agent on vessels under 25 m,
paint manufacturers now often utilise the organic biocides Irgarol 1051, 2-(tert-butylamino)-4-…

[HTML][HTML] Surface chemical defence of the eelgrass Zostera marina against microbial foulers

S Papazian, D Parrot, B Burýšková, F Weinberger… - Scientific Reports, 2019 - nature.com
… Both saturated and unsaturated FAs have been previously reported as antimicrobial and
antifouling agents 58,59 and could collectively protect the eelgrass surfaces against water-…

Zostera marina and epibionts: the dynamics of chemical defenses

C Guan - 2017 - oceanrep.geomar.de
Zostera marina L., remain largely free of fouling although they are constantly exposed to
those microbes. Such observations suggest that Z. marina may be capable of an antifouling

The antifouling activity of natural and synthetic phenol acid sulphate esters

JS Todd, RC Zimmerman, P Crews, RS Alberte - Phytochemistry, 1993 - Elsevier
… for the first time from the seagrass Zostera marina (eelgrass) and was found to … antifouling
properties, while the non-sulphated phenolic acid precursors were ineffective. The antifouling

Antimicrofouling properties of chosen marine plants: An eco-friendly approach to restrain marine microfoulers

S Prakash, NK Ahila, VS Ramkumar… - Biocatalysis and …, 2015 - Elsevier
… Similarly, the seagrass species such as Zostera marina (eel grass), C. serrulata and S.
isoetifolium also have potent antifouling metabolites against fouling organisms including biofilm …

Evaluation of the natural product antifoulant, zosteric acid, for preventing the attachment of quagga mussels–a preliminary study

JL Ram, S Purohit, BZ Newby… - Natural product research, 2012 - Taylor & Francis
… natural antifoulant from the marine seagrass Zostera marina, in preventing the attachment
of … friendly anti-fouling agent for preventing quagga mussel attachment. The anti-fouling

[HTML][HTML] The Marine Seagrass Halophila stipulacea as a Source of Bioactive Metabolites against Obesity and Biofouling

S Bel Mabrouk, M Reis, ML Sousa, T Ribeiro… - Marine Drugs, 2020 - mdpi.com
… , are described as antifouling compounds compatible with the … Zostera marina (a sulfated
cinnamic acid), is recognized as a fully biodegradable and nontoxic natural antifouling agent [38…

Antifouling action of zosteric acid and copper on spores of Ulva fasciata Delile

HW Shin - Algae, 1998 - e-algae.org
antifouling compound zosteric acid (ZA), from Zostera marina, and the well-known toxic
antifouling agentAntifouling dose-effectiveness of ZA revealed less effectiveness than a copper …