… We conclude that toxicity tests on ambient water samples containing these hydrophobic …
toxicity present in the field, and mimic short pulse rather than continuous exposures. Where …

… This study also confirms that increases in salinity can increase pyrethroid toxicity on exposed
larvae, especially for bifenthrin. Understanding the biological consequences of interactions …

… by the magnitude and duration of exposure. To investigate how the exposure pattern to beta-…
TKTD) module in combination with a dynamic energy budget model enabling us to describe …

… toxicity units. In addition, more than 90% of the variation on the annual maximum toxic unit
of pyrethroids … studies simulating the dynamics and spatial variability of pyrethroids in fields …

… effects observed following pyrethroid exposure, as sublethal exposures are much more …
(or depensatory) responses that can alter both toxic effects and long-term population dynamics. …

… between prenatal pyrethroid exposure and adverse neurodevelopment. For childhood
exposure, the … and adverse impacts of pyrethroid exposure on neurodevelopment are likely at …

… In the present work, we briefly review the acute and sublethal effects of pyrethroid exposure
… tolerance to pyrethroids that has been documented in pests that inhabit pyrethroid-laden …

… Pyrethroid concentrations decreased significantly … pyrethroids types and their instability in
aqueous media may underestimate toxicity against non-target aquatic species when exposed …

… but also the exposure stage of fish and different organisms. In this study, fish were exposed
to … However, in the two examples mentioned above, the fish were exposed to containments in …

… rate between compartments remain the same as those in the dynamic model (k 12 , k 21 ,
λ … of using a combination of field trials and dynamic modelling, allowing for both fast and …