Background Disease risk and incidence between males and females reveal differences, and
sex is an important component of any investigation of the determinants of phenotypes or …

Background DNA methylation is a dynamic epigenetic mechanism that occurs at cytosine-
phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) …

The prospect of finding epigenetic risk factors for complex diseases would be greatly
enhanced if DNA from existing biobanks, which is generally extracted from whole blood …

Background Epigenetic polymorphisms are a potential source of human diversity, but their
frequency and relationship to genetic polymorphisms are unclear. DNA methylation, an …

Background Sex differences are known to play a role in disease aetiology, progression and
outcome. Previous studies have revealed autosomal epigenetic differences between males …

The methylation of cytosines in CpG dinucleotides is essential for cellular differentiation and
the progression of many cancers, and it plays an important role in gametic imprinting. To …

Background Among children, sex-specific differences in disease prevalence, age of onset,
and susceptibility have been observed in health conditions including asthma, immune …

Cytosine-5 methylation within CpG dinucleotides is a potentially important mechanism of
epigenetic influence on human traits and disease. In addition to influences of age and …

Background The predominant model for regulation of gene expression through DNA
methylation is an inverse association in which increased methylation results in decreased …

Variation in DNA methylation is being increasingly associated with health and disease
outcomes. Although DNA methylation is hypothesized to be a mechanism by which both …