Velopharyngeal insufficiency may occur as a result of an anatomical or structural defect and
may be present in patients with cleft lip and palate. The treatment options presented in the …

Objective Surgical treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) includes a wide array of
procedures. The purpose of this study was to develop a classification for VPI procedures and …

Objective The aim of this study was to review current literature regarding the speech
outcome of different techniques of surgical treatment of VPD in cleft patients, in an attempt to …

Background: Cleft lip and palate repair seeks to restore normal form, improve feeding and
achieve normal speech, which requires velopharyngeal competence. The absence of this …

Background To review recent advances in pharyngeal modification procedures for the
treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in patients with cleft palate after primary …

Background Enabling intelligible speech plays an important role in achieving social
inclusion and a good quality of life of cleft patients. A crude measure of primary palatal repair …

Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) after palatoplasty is caused by improper anatomy
preventing velopharyngeal closure and manifests as a hypernasal resonance, audible nasal …

Velopharyngeal dysfunction is improper function of the dynamic structures that work to
control the velopharyngeal sphincter. Approximately 30 percent of patients having …

Cleft palate speech and velopharyngeal insufficiency: surgical approach. Velopharyngeal
insufficiency is the main morbidity associated with clefting of the secondary palate …

Methods Chart reviews of all patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency, including patients
with failed palatal cleft surgery, submucous cleft palate, and noncleft palate who met study …