Background DNA methylation is one of the most phylogenetically widespread epigenetic
modifications of genomic DNA. In particular, DNA methylation of transcription units ('gene …

Tissue specific patterns of methylated cytosine residues vary with age, can be altered by
environmental factors, and are often abnormal in human disease yet the cellular …

The distribution of 5-methylcytosine (m5C) in vertebrate genomes is strikingly different from
that in all other animal genomes that have been examined. In the vertebrates, almost all …

Human promoters divide into 2 classes, the low CpG (LCG) and the high CpG (HCG), based
on their CpG dinucleotide content. The LCG class of promoters is hypermethylated and is …

Background Gene expression is epigenetically regulated by a combination of histone
modifications and methylation of CpG dinucleotides in promoters. In normal cells, CpG-rich …

Gene-body methylation (gbM) refers to an increased level of methylated cytosines
specifically in a CG sequence context within genes. gbM is found in plant genes with …

Genomic DNA methylation contributes substantively to transcriptional regulations that
underlie mammalian development and cellular differentiation. Much effort has been made to …

The genomes of many animals, plants and fungi are tagged by methylation of DNA cytosine.
To understand the biological significance of this epigenetic mark it is essential to know …

Proper establishment and faithful maintenance of epigenetic information is crucial for the
correct development of complex organisms. For mammals, it is now accepted that DNA …

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