… stem cells … stem cells in development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. These meetings
highlighted both the quickening pace of discovery relating to the basic biology of stem cells …

… stem cell biology, namely the origin of these cells. I also suggest criteria or standards for
identifying, isolating, and characterizing stem cells… in understanding stem cells and their biology. …

… cells have the properties of cancer stem cells, which self-renew to generate additional cancer
stem cells … regulate the self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells and neural stem cells. …

… embryonic stem cells, osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells and dedifferentiation in
skeletal muscle cells. Such molecules will likely provide new insights into stem cell biology, and …

… In vitro stem cell Self-renewal ex vivo in cells that do not overtly behave as stem cells in vivo.
… to liberation from inductive commitment signals or by creation of a synthetic stem-cell state. …

… The ability of multipotential adult stem cells to cross lineage boundaries (… see adult stem
cells as an attractive alternative to the use of embryonic stem cells in regenerative medicine (the …

… In the sections below, we highlight developments and understanding in the cell biology of
MSCs, a paradigm shift in their mechanism of action, and improvements in the clinical use of …

… There is an increasingly enthusiastic interest in stem cells, cells … Stem cells may be defined
as cells capable of proliferation, self-… of NSCs from the standpoint of basic stem cell biology. …

… decreases the number of cell types they can potentially become. Stem cells, however, keep
… the characteristics that distinguish stem cells from other cell types and allow them to conduct …

… stem (iPS) cells derived from somatic cells 11 . Because ES cells are an excellent model
for pluripotent stem cells, we focus on the regulation of ES cells by chemical approaches. …