The physics of proppant transport in fractured reservoirs is of great interest to the oil and gas industry; nevertheless, the outcomes are controversial. This study provides a comprehensive reference for proppant transport findings. The various types of fracturing fluids and their carrying capacity were discussed. The factors affecting proppant transport based on the Plexiglass visualization cell were summarized. We extensively reviewed the field-scale models to simulate proppant in complex fracture networks. Finally, we listed the factors causing field proppant placement challenges and provided recommendations. The study specifies the shortcomings of the research in this area and highlights the way forwards.