Objectives Vaccinations protect children against deadly diseases and approximately 30
immunizations are recommended for children by 6 years of age. However, immunization
injections cause negative short-term and long-term consequences for children. The Gate
Control Theory of pain suggests that physical interventions (eg, rubbing the site) may be
helpful, but they are not well validated for children's acute pain. This randomized trial
examined the effectiveness of the ShotBlocker, a physical intervention designed to decrease …