Traffic congestion is a perpetual problem for the sustainability of transportation development.
Traffic congestion causes delays, inconvenience, and economic losses to drivers, as well as
air pollution. Identification and quantification of traffic congestion are crucial for decision-
makers to initiate mitigation strategies to improve the overall transportation system's
sustainability. In this paper, the currently available measures are detailed and compared by
implementing them on a daily and weekly traffic historical dataset. The results showed each …