The maritime industry with its main components—port logistics, ships, cargo and container distribution systems, autonomous control and navigation systems, global identification and navigation systems—is a substantial and plausible target of cyberattacks. The goal of the present study is to reveal and describe all components of the shipping industry’s cybersecurity policy, the main types of cyberattacks, methods, means, and stages of implementation, cyber vulnerability assessment of on-board information and communication systems, as well as technological measures for cyber defence.