Android mobile operating system is the most prevalent among all mobile platforms. With the wide adoption of Android devices, it is vulnerable to security attacks. Most of the studies conducted in the past focused on application vulnerabilities, while only a few studies analyzed vulnerabilities in the Android operating system. This paper aims to analyze security vulnerabilities at the operating system level. A total of 2563 vulnerabilities between 2009 and 2019 obtained from CVE Details and NVD are analyzed based on two aspects—the effect of these vulnerabilities on Android layers and components and the impact of these vulnerabilities on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This analysis can help the Android developers and researchers to take appropriate actions timely so that the impact of these vulnerabilities can reduce.