This study aimed to determine the association between spiritual well-being and resilience among Turkish hemodialysis patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 134 hemodialysis patients treated at two state hospitals’ hemodialysis units between February 2019 and July 2019. The data were collected with a Personal Information Form, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale and the Resilience Scale for Adults with the face-to-face interview technique. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics, t tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis were used. The patients’ spiritual well-being levels were high, while their psychological resilience levels were medium. There was a moderate positive correlation between spiritual well-being and resilience (p < 0.01). Education level, economic level, duration of disease and spiritual well-being were determined to be statistically significant predictive factors of the patients’ resilience (p < 0.001). In this context, nurses may provide psychosocial and spiritual care, education and counseling services that will increase patient’s resilience.