… However, the study of birdsong has made a more integrative approach possible, simultaneously
addressing proximate and ultimate causes of behavior.3,4 Here we present an example …

… birdsong has a long past but a relatively short formal history. In the 25 years since the
identification of a "song-circuit," birdsong … correlated with differences in behavior; that the structure …

Song is a stereotyped behavior, yet its development depends on sensory … birdsong from the
purely behavioral level of analysis to the interface between behavior and neurobiology. The …

… Abstract: Birdsongs are always part of larger set of sound … A case is made for the value to
avian behavioral neurobiology of … They may also help to extend the range of neurobiological …

… provides a comprehensive summary of birdsong neurobiology, and identifies the common
… , the parallels between language and birdsong and the relationship between the brains of …

… birds to gain some insight into the neurobiology of vocal learning pathways in humans. I
first compare brain regions where lesions result in somewhat comparable behavioral deficits. …

… , has fascinated behavioral scientists for decades. The study of birdsong has provided …
in physiological mechanisms of behavior, such as neurobiology and neuroendocrinology. …

Several landmark discoveries have shaped the recent study of brain substrates for birdsong.
The failure of deaf birds to reproduce a song from memory lent support for the concept of a …

… of what we know about birdsong neurobiology is based upon the study of a very small subset
of the relatively small number of species whose singing behavior has been studied in any …

… Hence neurons lost through disease or injury are not replaced, and learning takes place
not by putting new cells into the neu ral circuits that control behavior but by modifying …