[PDF][PDF] Biological Systems Are a Common Link Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Co‐Occurring Psychiatric and Medical Conditions

SL Hagerty, JM Ellingson… - Alcoholism: Clinical and …, 2018 - researchgate.net
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 2018researchgate.net
ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD) commonly cooccurs with other psychiatric and medical
conditions. For example, individuals with AUD are nearly 4 times more likely to have major
depressive disorder, 6 times more likely to have bipolar disorder, and twice as likely to be
diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (Kessler et al., 2003). Additionally, medical
conditions are commonly comorbid with AUD, and heavy, chronic alcohol use is a risk factor
for a host of wide-ranging medical disorders (Rehm et al., 2003, 2009). Broadly speaking …
ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD) commonly cooccurs with other psychiatric and medical conditions. For example, individuals with AUD are nearly 4 times more likely to have major depressive disorder, 6 times more likely to have bipolar disorder, and twice as likely to be diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (Kessler et al., 2003). Additionally, medical conditions are commonly comorbid with AUD, and heavy, chronic alcohol use is a risk factor for a host of wide-ranging medical disorders (Rehm et al., 2003, 2009). Broadly speaking, epidemiological data suggest that 68% of adults who meet criteria for a mental health disorder have a medical condition, and 29% of adults who have a medical diagnosis have a comorbid mental health condition (Goodell et al., 2011). These high rates of comorbidity are important to consider both from a public health perspective and a basic science perspective. First, individuals with cooccurring disorders bear an increased burden of human suffering and pose greater economic cost to society at large. With respect to basic science, existing theoretical models do not comprehensively address the mechanisms that drive the co-occurrence between these areas of dysfunction, thus highlighting a distinct gap in our understanding of these processes.
Given the co-occurrence of AUD with medical and psychiatric disorders, and between medical and psychiatric conditions more broadly, gaining insight into the mechanisms that underlie these common comorbidities can improve our theoretical understanding of these conditions, which will ultimately contribute to the development of optimally effective treatments. We argue that it is important to consider processes within broad biological systems (eg, gastrointestinal, immune, nervous system) when investigating the comorbidities between AUD and medical/psychiatric conditions. To
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