In superconductors, the motion of vortices introduces unwanted dissipation that is disruptive
to applications. Fortunately, material defects can immobilize vortices, acting as vortex
pinning centers, which engenders dramatic improvements in superconductor material
properties and device operation. This has motivated decades of research into developing
methods of tailoring the disorder landscape in superconductors to increase the strength of
vortex pinning. Yet, efficacious materials engineering still eludes us. The electromagnetic …