The polyphenolic composition of Algerian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L) leaves (in Hamray, Safray, Ghars, Horra, Deglet Nour (DN) cultivars), and pollen (in DN cultivars), were investigated for the first time in these cultivars. The polyphenolic fractions were extracted using three solvents (acetone, methanol and ethanol), and characterized in terms of antioxidant activity and contents of total polyphenols (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and tannins (TCTC). All the extracts exhibited high antioxidant activity and TPC, TFC and TCTC values, DN being the cultivar that provided the best results without significant differences among the three solvents. When the extracts were analyzed by HPLC-MS, 21 and 23 phenols were identified in leaf and pollen extracts, respectively. Furthermore, polyphenolic fingerprints of leaf extracts were obtained by comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC), which made it possible to discriminate samples according to their cultivar by linear discriminant analysis.