Abstract Since the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR), our understanding of the
implications of climate change for coastal systems and low-lying areas (henceforth referred
to as 'coasts') has increased substantially and six important policy-relevant messages have
emerged. Coasts are experiencing the adverse consequences of hazards related to climate
and sea level (very high confidence). Coasts are highly vulnerable to extreme events, such
as storms, which impose substantial costs on coastal societies [6.2. 1, 6.2. 2, 6.5. 2] …

Coastal Systems and Low-Lying Areas | Health & Environmental Research Online (HERO) |
US EPA … Coastal Systems and Low-Lying Areas …