The gut microbiomes of human populations worldwide have many core microbial species in
common. However, within a species, some strains can show remarkable population
specificity. The question is whether such specificity arises from a shared evolutionary history
(codiversification) between humans and their microbes. To test for codiversification of host
and microbiota, we analyzed paired gut metagenomes and human genomes for 1225
individuals in Europe, Asia, and Africa, including mothers and their children. Between and …

要旨 Animals harbor microbial communities (microbiome) that play an important role in
normal development and health and provide opportunities for host-microbial coevolution.
However, studying the shared evolutionary history and selection pressures involved
between hosts and microbes remains a challenge, especially in mammalian hosts with a
complex gut microbiota. Here, I show that multiple species of adult and child gut microbes
codiversified within and between human populations. Analyses of paired human genotypes …