Melon and watermelon are two high-value crops that have been commercially cultivated recently in Southeast Sulawesi. The objective of the study was to examine and compare the cost and returns of melon and watermelon production. The study was conducted in Abenggi village in South Konawe district of Southeast Sulawesi. Twenty melon farmers and 20 watermelon farmers were selected as respondents. Data collection was done using a questionnaire-based interview method. Data and information were analyzed using cost and returns analysis and independent sample t-test. Results of the study revealed that both melon and watermelon production were profitable as indicated by their revenue-cost ratio being higher than 1. Due to small size of farming, difference in net returns per farm from melon and watermelon was not statistically significant. Per hectare net returns from melon farming were statistically significantly higher than that of watermelon farming. Net returns from either melon or watermelon farming were higher than that of many other crops in the province. Farmers should continue to focus on the cultivation of the crops as they can increase their income and promote rural economy. The local government should assist the development of the two crops by ensuring availability of farm inputs and improving provision of weather forecast results to the farmers.