… the discussion below applies to all online markets, we identify a number … largest online
platforms. We see four main reasons for the differential treatment of these largest online platforms. …

… We consider that consumer protection law should also apply to markets in which services
are ostensibly provided for free, but where consumers pay in the form of data and attention. …

… systemic reviews of their consumer protection regimes to ensure they are fit for the challenges
we see in online markets. The failure to update consumer-protection law is concerning in …

… For an overview on competition law issues and digital platforms, see R Podszun and S …
and in administrative practice that consumer protection is part of market regulation, because …

… platforms can be difficult due to often large … protection problems concerning privacy on the
internet are the same as those already discussed in regard to consumer law, namely market …

… the gap between consumer law in the books and law in action (… to monitor markets and
enforce rights in the collective consumer … platforms can also be used to better protect consumers. …

… , consumer trade is no longer limited to online marketplaces … platforms have introduced their
own complete marketplaces (eg … under consumer protection law of online platforms allowing …

… market and thus makes informational power a key element. In choosing between antitrust and
consumer protection … information problem is market power or deception. It is informational …

… levels of digital literacy can … protection, privacy, and consumer protection. The stakes
involved in the debate over the role of competition law and policy and regulation in digital markets …

… Second, the supply side of online platform markets has been examined with a focus …
consumer protection in peer platform markets (PPMs). Third, online platforms are among the digital …