Disinfection by-product formation within drinking water distribution systems is an inevitable circumstance due to reactions between residual chlorine and organic matter. While regulated compounds must be below the maximum contaminant levels, utilities face many challenges such as more stringent regulations, excess capacity within distribution systems, and changes in consumer demands (eg, conservation efforts) that can compromise a utility's ability to meet water quality regulations. One technology that can be an effective part of a THM management strategy is aeration. Thus, the overall objective of the research was to evaluate fine bubble aeration as an in-system THM mitigation strategy to satisfy distribution system regulatory concentrations. The first part of the study performed controlled experiments using a laboratory-scale reactor to estimate the parameters of an aeration model that accounts for both bubble and surface aeration contributions. The resulting model adequately represented THM removal over a range of experimental conditions, and included surface mass transfer coefficients as a function of airflow rate that accounted for changes in tank surface area and volume. The second part of the study developed a complete model of a real-world tank, which included chlorine decay and THM formation, and demonstrated that the model (developed in the laboratory) performed very well when applied to a real-world tank system. The last step of the research incorporated the aeration model into a distribution system hydraulic and water quality solver and demonstrated that aeration could have a significant impact on distribution system THM concentrations. The development and evaluation of the aeration model provide a modeling framework that can be used as part of a design and operational decision making framework associated with fine bubble aeration as part of a comprehensive THM mitigation strategy.