Crystal chemistry of the crandallite, beudantite and alunite groups: a review and evaluation of the suitability as storage materials for toxic metals

U Kolitsch, A Pring - Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological …, 2001 - jstage.jst.go.jp
U Kolitsch, A Pring
Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 2001jstage.jst.go.jp
Thecrandallite [CaAl (PO)(OH, HO)], beudantite [PbFe (AsO)(SO)(OH, HO)] andalunite
(jarosite)[KAl (SO)(OH)(KFe (SO)(OH))] groupsbelong tothealunitesupergroup,
alargefamilyofmineralsand syntheticanalogues, allofwhichsharethebasic,
rhombohedralstructuretypeofalunite, KAl (SO)(OH)(Wangetal., 1965; MenchettiandSabelli,
1976). The pronouncedcrystalchemicalversatilityofthiss… (XO)(OH, HO), whereA= mono, di,
tri ortetravalent cation, B= trivalentcation, and minoramountsof certaindi …
Thecrandallite [CaAl (PO)(OH, HO)], beudantite [PbFe (AsO)(SO)(OH, HO)] andalunite (jarosite)[KAl (SO)(OH)(KFe (SO)(OH))] groupsbelong tothealunitesupergroup, alargefamilyofmineralsand syntheticanalogues, allofwhichsharethebasic, rhombohedralstructuretypeofalunite, KAl (SO)(OH)(Wangetal., 1965; MenchettiandSabelli, 1976). The pronouncedcrystalchemicalversatilityofthissupergroupisexpressedbythegeneralformulaAB (XO)(OH, HO), whereA= mono, di, tri ortetravalent cation, B= trivalentcation, and minoramountsof certaindi andpentavalentcations, andX= penta, hexavalentcationsandminorSi. Inviewofrecentdataonalunitetypecompounds, theiruseasstoragematerials (minerals) fortoxicand radioactivemetalsissuggestedandtheirsuitabilityas stablehoststructuresforthesemetalswillbediscussedin thepresentreview. Theunderlyingconceptofthis “synthetic mineral immobilisation technology”(SMITE) isveryold (Hatch, 1953) andcurrentlya varietyofmineralstructuretypesareemployedorhave beenproposedfortheincorporationofvariouswaste materials (thefollowinglistisnotintendedtobeexhaustive):
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